Methods of detection

The World Anti-Doping-Code (Code) defines eight violations of rules as doping. The proven use of prohibited substances and methods is considered to be a violation of the regulations. So too is the use or the attempt to use these substances and methods.

 

Proving that violations have occurred is the task of laboratories accredited by the World Anti-Doping Agency. There are almost 40 WADA laboratories throughout the world. As a rule, urine and blood samples are taken from sportsmen and sportswomen. Other samples taken from the body, such as saliva or body hair, are not permitted today but may in certain circumstances be used to clarify accompanying circumstances (e.g. hair analysis to establish whether drugs have been consumed over a long period).

 

Since the introduction of the Code in 2004, it has also been possible to punish sportsmen and sportswomen for the "use or attempted use" of prohibited substances or methods. These cases usually involve information received from other investigations, for example raids, confiscations or witness statements.